And then there's Rashi, considered for centuries the first place to look when we try to understand a piece of the Torah. Was Rashi a Zionist? I would say yes. After all, the very first Rashi in the Torah relates directly to the Land of Israel. It cannot be coincidental that Rashi chose that topic to open his commentary. But that first commentary, pro-Israel as it is, pales in comparison to a comment in Rashi that appears in Parshat Eikev.
Eikev contains the second chapter of Kriat Shema, beginning with the words והיה אם שמוע - "if you listen..." Basically, the chapter outlines a policy of reward and punishment, telling us if we keep God's commandments, everything will be great. But if we don't...then it won't. At the conclusion of the section the Torah tells us,
Commenting on this verse Rashi writes,וְשַׂמְתֶּם אֶת-דְּבָרַי אֵלֶּה, עַל-לְבַבְכֶם וְעַל-נַפְשְׁכֶם; וּקְשַׁרְתֶּם אֹתָם לְאוֹת עַל-יֶדְכֶם, וְהָיוּ לְטוֹטָפֹת בֵּין עֵינֵיכֶם.Therefore shall ye lay up these My words in your heart and in your soul; and ye shall bind them for a sign upon your hand, and they shall be for frontlets between your eyes.
אף לאחר שתגלו היו מצויינים במצוות, הניחו תפילין, עשו מזוזות, כדי שלא יהיו לכם חדשים כשתחזרו, וכן הוא אומר, "הציני לך ציונים"Even after you are exiled remain practiced in [performing the] commandments. Lay tefillin, make mezuzot, in order that when you return they are not new to you. In this manner it is written, "Set thee up waymarks" (Jeremaiah 31, 20)
Is that really what Rashi thought? He himself lived in France, and it's a safe bet that he put on Tefillin every day of his life. Did he himself think that he was just "practicing"? How should Jews living in the Golah relate to this Rashi (other than moving to Israel - which is a great idea! Highly recommended!)
I've got my own answer, (or at least the beginning of one) but the question and the subsequent discussion are far more important. If someone asks, I'll post my thoughts next week.
Shabbat Shalom.
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